---
title: InfluxQL aggregate functions
description: Use InfluxQL aggregate functions to aggregate your time series data.
url: https://docs.influxdata.com/influxdb3/enterprise/reference/influxql/functions/aggregates/
estimated_tokens: 16946
product: InfluxDB 3 Enterprise
version: enterprise
---

# InfluxQL aggregate functions

Use aggregate functions to assess, aggregate, and return values in your data. Aggregate functions return one row containing the aggregate values from each InfluxQL group.

*Examples use the sample data set provided in the [Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb3/enterprise/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol).*

-   [COUNT()](#count)
-   [DISTINCT()](#distinct)
-   [INTEGRAL()](#integral)
-   [MEAN()](#mean)
-   [MEDIAN()](#median)
-   [MODE()](#mode)
-   [SPREAD()](#spread)
-   [STDDEV()](#stddev)
-   [SUM()](#sum)

## COUNT()

Returns the number of non-null [field values](/influxdb3/enterprise/reference/glossary/#field-value).

```sql
COUNT(field_expression)
```

#### Arguments

-   **field\_expression**: Expression to identify one or more fields to operate on. Can be a [field key](/influxdb3/enterprise/reference/glossary/#field-key), constant, regular expression, or wildcard (`*`). Supports all field types.

#### Examples

[](#count-the-number-of-non-null-values-in-a-field)

Count the number of non-null values in a field

```sql
SELECT COUNT(temp) FROM home
```

name: home

| time | count |
| --- | --- |
| 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z | 26 |

[](#count-the-number-of-non-null-values-in-each-field)

Count the number of non-null values in each field

```sql
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM home
```

name: home

| time | count_co | count_hum | count_temp |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z | 26 | 26 | 26 |

[](#count-the-number-of-non-null-values-in-fields-where-the-field-key-matches-a-regular-expression)

Count the number of non-null values in fields where the field key matches a regular expression

```sql
SELECT COUNT(/^[th]/) FROM home
```

name: home

| time | count_hum | count_temp |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z | 26 | 26 |

[](#count-distinct-values-for-a-field)

Count distinct values for a field

InfluxQL supports nesting [`DISTINCT()`](#distinct) in `COUNT()`.

```sql
SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT(co)) FROM home
```

name: home

| time | count |
| --- | --- |
| 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z | 12 |

[](#count-the-number-of-non-null-field-values-within-time-windows-grouped-by-time)

Count the number of non-null field values within time windows (grouped by time)

```sql
SELECT
  COUNT(temp)
FROM home
WHERE
  room = 'Kitchen'
  AND time >= '2022-01-01T08:00:00Z'
  AND time <= '2022-01-01T20:00:00Z'
GROUP BY time(6h)
```

name: home

| time | count |
| --- | --- |
| 2022-01-01T06:00:00Z | 4 |
| 2022-01-01T12:00:00Z | 6 |
| 2022-01-01T18:00:00Z | 3 |

## DISTINCT()

Returns the list of unique [field values](/influxdb3/enterprise/reference/glossary/#field-value).

```sql
DISTINCT(field_key)
```

#### Arguments

-   **field\_key**: Field key to return distinct values from. Supports all field types.

#### Notable behaviors

-   InfluxQL supports nesting `DISTINCT()` with [`COUNT()`](#count-distinct-values-for-a-field).

#### Examples

[](#list-the-distinct-field-values)

List the distinct field values

```sql
SELECT DISTINCT(co) FROM home
```

name: home

| time | distinct |
| --- | --- |
| 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z | 0 |
| 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z | 1 |
| 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z | 3 |
| 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z | 4 |
| 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z | 7 |
| 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z | 5 |
| 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z | 9 |
| 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z | 18 |
| 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z | 14 |
| 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z | 22 |
| 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z | 17 |
| 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z | 26 |

## INTEGRAL()

Returns the area under the curve for queried [field values](/influxdb3/enterprise/reference/glossary/#field-value) and converts those results into the summed area per **unit** of time.

-   `INTEGRAL()` does not support [`fill()`](/influxdb3/enterprise/reference/influxql/group-by/#group-by-time-and-fill-gaps).
-   `INTEGRAL()` supports int64 and float64 field value [data types](/influxdb3/enterprise/reference/glossary/#data-type).

```sql
INTEGRAL(field_expression[, unit])
```

#### Arguments

-   **field\_expression**: Expression to identify one or more fields to operate on. Can be a [field key](/influxdb3/enterprise/reference/glossary/#field-key), constant, regular expression, or wildcard (`*`).
-   **unit**: Unit of time to use when calculating the integral. Default is `1s` (one second).

#### Examples

[](#calculate-the-integral-for-a-field)

Calculate the integral for a field

```sql
SELECT
  INTEGRAL(co)
FROM home
WHERE room = 'Kitchen'
```

name: home

| time | integral |
| --- | --- |
| 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z | 266400 |

[](#calculate-the-integral-for-a-field-and-specify-the-unit-option)

Calculate the integral for a field and specify the unit option

```sql
SELECT
  INTEGRAL(co, 1h)
FROM home
WHERE room = 'Kitchen'
```

name: home

| time | integral |
| --- | --- |
| 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z | 74 |

[](#calculate-the-integral-for-_each_-field-and-specify-the-unit-option)

Calculate the integral for *each* field and specify the unit option

Return the area under the curve (in minutes) for the field values associated with each field key that stores numeric values in the `h2o_feet` measurement. The `h2o_feet` measurement has on numeric field: `water_level`.

```sql
SELECT
  INTEGRAL(*, 1h)
FROM home
WHERE room = 'Kitchen'
```

name: home

| time | integral_co | integral_hum | integral_temp |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z | 74 | 435 | 272.25 |

[](#calculate-the-integral-for-the-field-keys-that-matches-a-regular-expression)

Calculate the integral for the field keys that matches a regular expression

```sql
SELECT
  INTEGRAL(/^[th]/, 1h)
FROM home
WHERE room = 'Kitchen'
```

name: home

| time | integral_hum | integral_temp |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z | 435 | 272.25 |

[](#calculate-the-integral-for-a-field-grouping-by-time)

Calculate the integral for a field grouping by time

```sql
SELECT
  INTEGRAL(co, 1h)
FROM home
WHERE
  room = 'Kitchen'
  AND time >= '2022-01-01T08:00:00Z'
  AND time <= '2022-01-01T20:00:00Z'
GROUP BY time(6h)
```

name: home

| time | integral |
| --- | --- |
| 2022-01-01T06:00:00Z | 0 |
| 2022-01-01T12:00:00Z | 30 |
| 2022-01-01T18:00:00Z | 44 |

## MEAN()

Returns the arithmetic mean (average) of [field values](/influxdb3/enterprise/reference/glossary/#field-value).

```sql
MEAN(field_expression)
```

#### Arguments

-   **field\_expression**: Expression to identify one or more fields to operate on. Can be a [field key](/influxdb3/enterprise/reference/glossary/#field-key), constant, regular expression, or wildcard (`*`). Supports **numeric fields**.

#### Examples

[](#calculate-the-mean-value-of-a-field)

Calculate the mean value of a field

```sql
SELECT MEAN(temp) FROM home
```

name: home

| time | mean |
| --- | --- |
| 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z | 22.396153846153844 |

[](#calculate-the-mean-value-of-each-field)

Calculate the mean value of each field

```sql
SELECT MEAN(*) FROM home
```

name: home

| time | mean_co | mean_hum | mean_temp |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z | 5.269230769230769 | 36.15 | 22.396153846153844 |

[](#calculate-the-mean-value-of-fields-where-the-field-key-matches-a-regular-expression)

Calculate the mean value of fields where the field key matches a regular expression

```sql
SELECT MEAN(/^[th]/) FROM home
```

name: home

| time | mean_hum | mean_temp |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z | 36.15 | 22.396153846153844 |

[](#calculate-the-mean-value-of-a-field-within-time-windows-grouped-by-time)

Calculate the mean value of a field within time windows (grouped by time)

```sql
SELECT
  MEAN(temp)
FROM home
WHERE
  room = 'Kitchen'
  AND time >= '2022-01-01T08:00:00Z'
  AND time <= '2022-01-01T20:00:00Z'
GROUP BY time(6h)
```

name: home

| time | mean |
| --- | --- |
| 2022-01-01T06:00:00Z | 22.275 |
| 2022-01-01T12:00:00Z | 22.649999999999995 |
| 2022-01-01T18:00:00Z | 23.033333333333335 |

## MEDIAN()

Returns the middle value from a sorted list of [field values](/influxdb3/enterprise/reference/glossary/#field-value).

```sql
MEDIAN(field_expression)
```

#### Arguments

-   **field\_expression**: Expression to identify one or more fields to operate on. Can be a [field key](/influxdb3/enterprise/reference/glossary/#field-key), constant, regular expression, or wildcard (`*`). Supports **numeric fields**.

#### Notable behaviors

-   `MEDIAN()` is nearly equivalent to [`PERCENTILE(field_key, 50)`](/influxdb3/enterprise/reference/influxql/functions/selectors/#percentile), except `MEDIAN()` returns the average of the two middle field values if the field contains an even number of values.

#### Examples

[](#calculate-the-median-value-of-a-field)

Calculate the median value of a field

```sql
SELECT MEDIAN(temp) FROM home
```

name: home

| time | median |
| --- | --- |
| 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z | 22.45 |

[](#calculate-the-median-value-of-each-field)

Calculate the median value of each field

```sql
SELECT MEDIAN(*) FROM home
```

name: home

| time | median_co | median_hum | median_temp |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z | 1 | 36.05 | 22.45 |

[](#calculate-the-median-value-of-fields-where-the-field-key-matches-a-regular-expression)

Calculate the median value of fields where the field key matches a regular expression

```sql
SELECT MEDIAN(/^[th]/) FROM home
```

name: home

| time | median_hum | median_temp |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z | 36.05 | 22.45 |

[](#calculate-the-median-value-of-a-field-within-time-windows-grouped-by-time)

Calculate the median value of a field within time windows (grouped by time)

```sql
SELECT
  MEDIAN(temp)
FROM home
WHERE
  room = 'Kitchen'
  AND time >= '2022-01-01T08:00:00Z'
  AND time <= '2022-01-01T20:00:00Z'
GROUP BY time(6h)
```

name: home

| time | median |
| --- | --- |
| 2022-01-01T06:00:00Z | 22.549999999999997 |
| 2022-01-01T12:00:00Z | 22.7 |
| 2022-01-01T18:00:00Z | 23.1 |

## MODE()

Returns the most frequent value in a list of [field values](/influxdb3/enterprise/reference/glossary/#field-value).

```sql
MODE(field_expression)
```

#### Arguments

-   **field\_expression**: Expression to identify one or more fields to operate on. Can be a [field key](/influxdb3/enterprise/reference/glossary/#field-key), constant, regular expression, or wildcard (`*`). Supports all field types.

#### Notable behaviors

-   `MODE()` returns the field value with the earliest [timestamp](/influxdb3/enterprise/reference/glossary/#timestamp) if there’s a tie between two or more values for the maximum number of occurrences.

#### Examples

[](#calculate-the-mode-value-of-a-field)

Calculate the mode value of a field

```sql
SELECT MODE(co) FROM home
```

name: home

| time | mode |
| --- | --- |
| 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z | 0 |

[](#calculate-the-mode-value-of-each-field)

Calculate the mode value of each field

```sql
SELECT MODE(*) FROM home
```

name: home

| time | mode_co | mode_hum | mode_temp |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z | 0 | 36 | 22.7 |

[](#calculate-the-mode-of-field-keys-that-match-a-regular-expression)

Calculate the mode of field keys that match a regular expression

```sql
SELECT MODE(/^[th]/) FROM home
```

name: home

| time | mode_hum | mode_temp |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z | 36 | 22.7 |

[](#calculate-the-mode-a-field-within-time-windows-grouped-by-time)

Calculate the mode a field within time windows (grouped by time)

```sql
SELECT
  MODE(co)
FROM home
WHERE
  room = 'Kitchen'
  AND time >= '2022-01-01T08:00:00Z'
  AND time <= '2022-01-01T20:00:00Z'
GROUP BY time(6h)
```

name: home

| time | mode |
| --- | --- |
| 2022-01-01T06:00:00Z | 0 |
| 2022-01-01T12:00:00Z | 1 |
| 2022-01-01T18:00:00Z | 18 |

## SPREAD()

Returns the difference between the minimum and maximum [field values](/influxdb3/enterprise/reference/glossary/#field-value).

```sql
SPREAD(field_expression)
```

#### Arguments

-   **field\_expression**: Expression to identify one or more fields to operate on. Can be a [field key](/influxdb3/enterprise/reference/glossary/#field-key), constant, regular expression, or wildcard (`*`). Supports **numeric fields**.

#### Examples

[](#calculate-the-spread-of-a-field)

Calculate the spread of a field

```sql
SELECT SPREAD(temp) FROM home
```

name: home

| time | spread |
| --- | --- |
| 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z | 2.3000000000000007 |

[](#calculate-the-spread-of-each-field)

Calculate the spread of each field

```sql
SELECT SPREAD(*) FROM home
```

name: home

| time | spread_co | spread_hum | spread_temp |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z | 26 | 1 | 2.3000000000000007 |

[](#calculate-the-spread-of-field-keys-that-match-a-regular-expression)

Calculate the spread of field keys that match a regular expression

```sql
SELECT SPREAD(/^[th]/) FROM home
```

name: home

| time | spread_hum | spread_temp |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z | 1 | 2.3000000000000007 |

[](#calculate-the-spread-of-a-field-within-time-windows-grouped-by-time)

Calculate the spread of a field within time windows (grouped by time)

```sql
SELECT
  SPREAD(co)
FROM home
WHERE
  room = 'Kitchen'
  AND time >= '2022-01-01T08:00:00Z'
  AND time <= '2022-01-01T20:00:00Z'
GROUP BY time(6h)
```

name: home

| time | spread |
| --- | --- |
| 2022-01-01T06:00:00Z | 0 |
| 2022-01-01T12:00:00Z | 9 |
| 2022-01-01T18:00:00Z | 8 |

## STDDEV()

Returns the standard deviation of [field values](/influxdb3/enterprise/reference/glossary/#field-value).

```sql
STDDEV(field_expression)
```

#### Arguments

-   **field\_expression**: Expression to identify one or more fields to operate on. Can be a [field key](/influxdb3/enterprise/reference/glossary/#field-key), constant, regular expression, or wildcard (`*`). Supports **numeric fields**.

#### Examples

[](#calculate-the-standard-deviation-of-a-field)

Calculate the standard deviation of a field

```sql
SELECT STDDEV(temp) FROM home
```

name: home

| time | stddev |
| --- | --- |
| 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z | 0.5553238833191091 |

[](#calculate-the-standard-deviation-of-each-field)

Calculate the standard deviation of each field

```sql
SELECT STDDEV(*) FROM home
```

name: home

| time | stddev_co | stddev_hum | stddev_temp |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z | 7.774613519951676 | 0.25495097567963926 | 0.5553238833191091 |

[](#calculate-the-standard-deviation-of-fields-where-the-field-key-matches-a-regular-expression)

Calculate the standard deviation of fields where the field key matches a regular expression

```sql
SELECT STDDEV(/^[th]/) FROM home
```

name: home

| time | stddev_hum | stddev_temp |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z | 0.25495097567963926 | 0.5553238833191091 |

[](#calculate-the-standard-deviation-of-a-field-within-time-windows-grouped-by-time)

Calculate the standard deviation of a field within time windows (grouped by time)

```sql
SELECT
  STDDEV(co)
FROM home
WHERE
  room = 'Kitchen'
  AND time >= '2022-01-01T08:00:00Z'
  AND time <= '2022-01-01T20:00:00Z'
GROUP BY time(6h)
```

name: home

| time | stddev |
| --- | --- |
| 2022-01-01T06:00:00Z | 0 |
| 2022-01-01T12:00:00Z | 3.6742346141747673 |
| 2022-01-01T18:00:00Z | 4 |

## SUM()

Returns the sum of [field values](/influxdb3/enterprise/reference/glossary/#field-value).

```sql
SUM(field_expression)
```

#### Arguments

-   **field\_expression**: Expression to identify one or more fields to operate on. Can be a [field key](/influxdb3/enterprise/reference/glossary/#field-key), constant, regular expression, or wildcard (`*`). Supports **numeric fields**.

#### Examples

[](#calculate-the-sum-of-values-in-a-field)

Calculate the sum of values in a field

```sql
SELECT SUM(co) FROM home
```

name: home

| time | sum |
| --- | --- |
| 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z | 137 |

[](#calculate-the-sum-of-values-in-each-field)

Calculate the sum of values in each field

```sql
SELECT SUM(*) FROM home
```

name: home

| time | sum_co | sum_hum | sum_temp |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z | 137 | 939.9 | 582.3 |

[](#calculate-the-sum-of-values-for-fields-where-the-field-key-matches-a-regular-expression)

Calculate the sum of values for fields where the field key matches a regular expression

```sql
SELECT SUM(/^[th]/) FROM home
```

name: home

| time | sum_hum | sum_temp |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z | 939.9 | 582.3 |

[](#calculate-the-sum-of-values-in-a-field-within-time-windows-grouped-by-time)

Calculate the sum of values in a field within time windows (grouped by time)

```sql
SELECT
  SUM(co)
FROM home
WHERE
  room = 'Kitchen'
  AND time >= '2022-01-01T08:00:00Z'
  AND time <= '2022-01-01T20:00:00Z'
GROUP BY time(6h)
```

name: home

| time | sum |
| --- | --- |
| 2022-01-01T06:00:00Z | 0 |
| 2022-01-01T12:00:00Z | 21 |
| 2022-01-01T18:00:00Z | 66 |

#### Related

-   [Aggregate data with InfluxQL](/influxdb3/enterprise/query-data/influxql/aggregate-select/)