Perform a basic SQL query

The InfluxDB SQL implementation is powered by the Apache Arrow DataFusion query engine which provides an SQL syntax similar to other relational query languages.

A basic SQL query that queries data from InfluxDB 3 Enterprise most commonly includes the following clauses:

• * SELECT: Specify fields, tags, and calculations to output from a table or use the wildcard alias (*) to select all fields and tags from a table.
• * FROM: Specify the table to query data from.
• WHERE: Only return rows that meets the specified conditions–for example, the time is within a time range, a tag has a specific value, or a field value is above or below a specified threshold.

Result set

If at least one row satisfies the query, InfluxDB 3 Enterprise returns row data in the query result set. An SQL query result set includes columns listed in the query’s SELECT statement.

Basic query examples

• Query data within time boundaries
• Query data without time boundaries
• Query specific fields and tags
• Query fields based on tag values
• Query points based on field values
• Alias queried fields and tags

Query data within time boundaries

• Use the SELECT clause to specify what tags and fields to return. To return all tags and fields, use the wildcard alias (*).
• Specify the table to query in the FROM clause.
• Specify time boundaries in the WHERE clause. Include time-based predicates that compare the value of the time column to a timestamp. Use the AND logical operator to chain multiple predicates together.

Query time boundaries can be relative or absolute.

SELECT * FROM home WHERE time >= now() - INTERVAL '1 month'

SELECT *
FROM home
WHERE
  time >= now() - INTERVAL '7 days'
  AND time <= now() - INTERVAL '6 days'

SELECT
  *
FROM
  home
WHERE
  time >= '2022-01-01T08:00:00Z'
  AND time <= '2022-01-01T20:00:00Z'

SELECT
  *
FROM
  home
WHERE
  time >= '2022-01-01 00:00:00'::TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'America/Los_Angeles'
  AND time <= '2022-01-01 12:00:00'::TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'America/Los_Angeles'

Query data without time boundaries

To query data without time boundaries, do not include any time-based predicates in your WHERE clause.

SELECT * FROM home

Query specific fields and tags

To query specific fields, include them in the SELECT clause. If querying multiple fields or tags, comma-delimit each. If a field or tag key includes special characters or spaces or is case-sensitive, wrap the key in double-quotes.

SELECT time, room, temp, hum FROM home

Query fields based on tag values

• Include the fields you want to query and the tags you want to base conditions on in the SELECT clause.
• Include predicates in the WHERE clause that compare the tag identifier to a string literal. Use logical operators to chain multiple predicates together and apply multiple conditions.

SELECT * FROM home WHERE room = 'Kitchen'

Query points based on field values

• In the SELECT clause, include fields you want to query.
• In the WHERE clause, include predicates that compare the field identifier to a value or expression. Use logical operators (AND, OR) to chain multiple predicates together and apply multiple conditions.

SELECT co, time FROM home WHERE co >= 10 OR co <= -10

Alias queried fields and tags

To alias or rename fields and tags that you query, pass a string literal after the field or tag identifier in the SELECT clause. You can use the AS clause to define the alias, but it isn’t necessary. The following queries are functionally the same:

SELECT temp 'temperature', hum 'humidity' FROM home

SELECT temp AS 'temperature', hum AS 'humidity' FROM home