---
title: SQL logical operators
description: Logical operators combine or manipulate conditions in a SQL query.
url: https://docs.influxdata.com/influxdb3/cloud-serverless/reference/sql/operators/logical/
estimated_tokens: 3286
publisher: InfluxData
canonical: https://docs.influxdata.com/influxdb3/cloud-serverless/reference/sql/operators/logical/
date: '2025-04-03T12:43:17-06:00'
lastmod: '2025-04-03T12:43:17-06:00'
---

Logical operators combine or manipulate conditions in a SQL query.

|Operator |                                 Meaning                                  |            |
|---------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------|
|  `AND`  |    Returns true if both operands are true. Otherwise, returns false.     |  [](#and)  |
|`BETWEEN`|Returns true if the left operand is within the range of the right operand.|[](#between)|
|`EXISTS` |         Returns true if the results of a subquery are not empty.         |[](#exists) |
|  `IN`   |      Returns true if the left operand is in the right operand list.      |  [](#in)   |
| `LIKE`  |Returns true if the left operand matches the right operand pattern string.| [](#like)  |
|  `NOT`  |                    Negates the subsequent expression.                    |  [](#not)  |
|  `OR`   |      Returns true if any operand is true. Otherwise, returns false.      |  [](#or)   |

#### Sample data

Query examples on this page use the following sample data sets:

* [Home sensor sample data](/influxdb3/cloud-serverless/reference/sample-data/#home-sensor-data)
* [Home sensor actions sample data](/influxdb3/cloud-serverless/reference/sample-data/#home-sensor-actions-data)

## AND

The `AND` operand returns `true` if both operands are `true`. Otherwise, it returns false.
This operator is typically used in the [`WHERE` clause](/influxdb3/cloud-serverless/reference/sql/where/)to combine multiple conditions.

```sql
SELECT true AND false AS "AND condition"
```

|AND condition|
|-------------|
|    false    |

##### Examples

[](#and-operator-in-the-where-clause)

`AND` operator in the `WHERE` clause

```sql
SELECT *
FROM home
WHERE
  co > 10
  AND room = 'Kitchen'
```

|co |hum | room  |temp|        time        |
|---|----|-------|----|--------------------|
|18 |36.9|Kitchen|23.3|2022-01-01T18:00:00Z|
|22 |36.6|Kitchen|23.1|2022-01-01T19:00:00Z|
|26 |36.5|Kitchen|22.7|2022-01-01T20:00:00Z|

## BETWEEN

The `BETWEEN` operator returns `true` if the left numeric operand is within the
range specified in the right operand. Otherwise, it returns `false`

```sql
SELECT 6 BETWEEN 5 AND 8 AS "BETWEEN condition"
```

|BETWEEN condition|
|-----------------|
|      true       |

##### Examples

[](#between-operator-in-the-where-clause)

`BETWEEN` operator in the `WHERE` clause

```sql
SELECT *
FROM home
WHERE
  co BETWEEN 5 AND 10
```

|co |hum |   room    |temp|        time        |
|---|----|-----------|----|--------------------|
| 7 | 36 |  Kitchen  |22.4|2022-01-01T16:00:00Z|
| 9 | 36 |  Kitchen  |22.7|2022-01-01T17:00:00Z|
| 5 |35.9|Living Room|22.6|2022-01-01T17:00:00Z|
| 9 |36.2|Living Room|22.8|2022-01-01T18:00:00Z|

## EXISTS

The `EXISTS` operator returns `true` if result of a[correlated subquery](/influxdb3/cloud-serverless/reference/sql/subqueries/#correlated-subqueries)is not empty. Otherwise it returns `false`.

*See [SQL subquery operators](/influxdb3/cloud-serverless/reference/sql/subqueries/#subquery-operators).*

##### Examples

[](#exists-operator-with-a-subquery-in-the-where-clause)

`EXISTS` operator with a subquery in the `WHERE` clause

```sql
SELECT *
FROM
  home home_actions
WHERE EXISTS (
  SELECT *
  FROM home
  WHERE
    home.co = home_actions.co - 1
)
ORDER BY time
```

|co |hum |   room    |temp|        time        |
|---|----|-----------|----|--------------------|
| 1 |36.5|  Kitchen  |22.8|2022-01-01T13:00:00Z|
| 1 |36.3|  Kitchen  |22.8|2022-01-01T14:00:00Z|
| 1 |36.1|Living Room|22.3|2022-01-01T15:00:00Z|
| 4 | 36 |Living Room|22.4|2022-01-01T16:00:00Z|
| 5 |35.9|Living Room|22.6|2022-01-01T17:00:00Z|
|18 |36.9|  Kitchen  |23.3|2022-01-01T18:00:00Z|

## IN

The `IN` operator returns `true` if the left operand is in the right operand
list or subquery result. Otherwise, it returns `false`.

```sql
SELECT 'John' IN ('Jane', 'John') AS "IN condition"
```

|IN condition|
|------------|
|    true    |

*See [SQL subquery operators](/influxdb3/cloud-serverless/reference/sql/subqueries/#subquery-operators).*

##### Examples

[](#in-operator-with-a-list-in-the-where-clause)

`IN` operator with a list in the `WHERE` clause

```sql
SELECT *
FROM home
WHERE
  room IN ('Bathroom', 'Bedroom', 'Kitchen')
LIMIT 4
```

|co |hum | room  |temp|        time        |
|---|----|-------|----|--------------------|
| 0 |35.9|Kitchen| 21 |2022-01-01T08:00:00Z|
| 0 |36.2|Kitchen| 23 |2022-01-01T09:00:00Z|
| 0 |36.1|Kitchen|22.7|2022-01-01T10:00:00Z|
| 0 | 36 |Kitchen|22.4|2022-01-01T11:00:00Z|

[](#in-operator-with-a-subquery-in-the-where-clause)

`IN` operator with a subquery in the `WHERE` clause

```sql
SELECT *
FROM home
WHERE
  room IN (
    SELECT DISTINCT room
    FROM home_actions
  )
ORDER BY time
LIMIT 4
```

|co |hum |   room    |temp|        time        |
|---|----|-----------|----|--------------------|
| 0 |35.9|Living Room|21.1|2022-01-01T08:00:00Z|
| 0 |35.9|  Kitchen  | 21 |2022-01-01T08:00:00Z|
| 0 |35.9|Living Room|21.4|2022-01-01T09:00:00Z|
| 0 |36.2|  Kitchen  | 23 |2022-01-01T09:00:00Z|

## LIKE

The `LIKE` operator returns `true` if the left operand matches the string pattern
specified in the right operand.`LIKE` expressions support [SQL wildcard characters](#sql-wildcard-characters).

```sql
SELECT 'John' LIKE 'J_%n' AS "LIKE condition"
```

|LIKE condition|
|--------------|
|     true     |

[](#like-operator-in-the-where-clause)

`LIKE` operator in the `WHERE` clause

```sql
SELECT *
FROM home
WHERE
  room LIKE '%Room'
LIMIT 4
```

|co |hum |   room    |temp|        time        |
|---|----|-----------|----|--------------------|
| 0 |35.9|Living Room|21.1|2022-01-01T08:00:00Z|
| 0 |35.9|Living Room|21.4|2022-01-01T09:00:00Z|
| 0 | 36 |Living Room|21.8|2022-01-01T10:00:00Z|
| 0 | 36 |Living Room|22.2|2022-01-01T11:00:00Z|

### SQL wildcard characters

The InfluxDB SQL implementation supports the following wildcard characters when
using the `LIKE` operator to match strings to a pattern.

|Character|           Description            |
|---------|----------------------------------|
|   `%`   |Represents zero or more characters|
|   `_`   | Represents any single character  |

## NOT

The `NOT` operator negates the subsequent expression.

```sql
SELECT NOT true AS "NOT condition"
```

|NOT condition|
|-------------|
|    false    |

##### Examples

[](#not-in)

`NOT IN`

```sql
SELECT *
FROM home
WHERE
  room NOT IN ('Kitchen', 'Bathroom')
LIMIT 4
```

|co |hum |   room    |temp|        time        |
|---|----|-----------|----|--------------------|
| 0 |35.9|Living Room|21.1|2022-01-01T08:00:00Z|
| 0 |35.9|Living Room|21.4|2022-01-01T09:00:00Z|
| 0 | 36 |Living Room|21.8|2022-01-01T10:00:00Z|
| 0 | 36 |Living Room|22.2|2022-01-01T11:00:00Z|

[](#not-exists)

`NOT EXISTS`

```sql
SELECT *
FROM
  home home_actions
WHERE NOT EXISTS (
  SELECT *
  FROM home
  WHERE
    home.co = home_actions.co + 4
)
ORDER BY time
```

|co |hum |   room    |temp|        time        |
|---|----|-----------|----|--------------------|
| 7 | 36 |  Kitchen  |22.4|2022-01-01T16:00:00Z|
| 4 | 36 |Living Room|22.4|2022-01-01T16:00:00Z|
| 9 | 36 |  Kitchen  |22.7|2022-01-01T17:00:00Z|
| 9 |36.2|Living Room|22.8|2022-01-01T18:00:00Z|
|17 |36.4|Living Room|22.2|2022-01-01T20:00:00Z|
|26 |36.5|  Kitchen  |22.7|2022-01-01T20:00:00Z|

[](#not-between)

`NOT BETWEEN`

```sql
SELECT *
FROM home
WHERE
  co NOT BETWEEN 1 AND 22
  AND room = 'Kitchen'
```

|co |hum | room  |temp|        time        |
|---|----|-------|----|--------------------|
| 0 |35.9|Kitchen| 21 |2022-01-01T08:00:00Z|
| 0 |36.2|Kitchen| 23 |2022-01-01T09:00:00Z|
| 0 |36.1|Kitchen|22.7|2022-01-01T10:00:00Z|
| 0 | 36 |Kitchen|22.4|2022-01-01T11:00:00Z|
| 0 | 36 |Kitchen|22.5|2022-01-01T12:00:00Z|
|26 |36.5|Kitchen|22.7|2022-01-01T20:00:00Z|

## OR

The `OR` operator returns `true` if any operand is `true`.
Otherwise, it returns `false`.
This operator is typically used in the [`WHERE` clause](/influxdb3/cloud-serverless/reference/sql/where/)to combine multiple conditions.

```sql
SELECT true OR false AS "OR condition"
```

|OR condition|
|------------|
|    true    |

##### Examples

[](#or-in-the-where-clause)

`OR` in the `WHERE` clause

```sql
SELECT *
FROM home
WHERE
  co > 20
  OR temp > 23
```

|co |hum | room  |temp|        time        |
|---|----|-------|----|--------------------|
|18 |36.9|Kitchen|23.3|2022-01-01T18:00:00Z|
|22 |36.6|Kitchen|23.1|2022-01-01T19:00:00Z|
|26 |36.5|Kitchen|22.7|2022-01-01T20:00:00Z|

#### Related

* [WHERE clause](/influxdb3/cloud-serverless/reference/sql/where/)
* [Subquery operators](/influxdb3/cloud-serverless/reference/sql/subqueries/#subquery-operators)
| Operator | Meaning |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Operator | Meaning |  |
| AND | Returns true if both operands are true. Otherwise, returns false. |  |
| BETWEEN | Returns true if the left operand is within the range of the right operand. |  |
| EXISTS | Returns true if the results of a subquery are not empty. |  |
| IN | Returns true if the left operand is in the right operand list. |  |
| LIKE | Returns true if the left operand matches the right operand pattern string. |  |
| NOT | Negates the subsequent expression. |  |
| OR | Returns true if any operand is true. Otherwise, returns false. |  |

| AND condition |
| --- |
| AND condition |
| false |

| co | hum | room | temp | time |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| co | hum | room | temp | time |
| 18 | 36.9 | Kitchen | 23.3 | 2022-01-01T18:00:00Z |
| 22 | 36.6 | Kitchen | 23.1 | 2022-01-01T19:00:00Z |
| 26 | 36.5 | Kitchen | 22.7 | 2022-01-01T20:00:00Z |

| BETWEEN condition |
| --- |
| BETWEEN condition |
| true |

| co | hum | room | temp | time |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| co | hum | room | temp | time |
| 7 | 36 | Kitchen | 22.4 | 2022-01-01T16:00:00Z |
| 9 | 36 | Kitchen | 22.7 | 2022-01-01T17:00:00Z |
| 5 | 35.9 | Living Room | 22.6 | 2022-01-01T17:00:00Z |
| 9 | 36.2 | Living Room | 22.8 | 2022-01-01T18:00:00Z |

| co | hum | room | temp | time |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| co | hum | room | temp | time |
| 1 | 36.5 | Kitchen | 22.8 | 2022-01-01T13:00:00Z |
| 1 | 36.3 | Kitchen | 22.8 | 2022-01-01T14:00:00Z |
| 1 | 36.1 | Living Room | 22.3 | 2022-01-01T15:00:00Z |
| 4 | 36 | Living Room | 22.4 | 2022-01-01T16:00:00Z |
| 5 | 35.9 | Living Room | 22.6 | 2022-01-01T17:00:00Z |
| 18 | 36.9 | Kitchen | 23.3 | 2022-01-01T18:00:00Z |

| IN condition |
| --- |
| IN condition |
| true |

| co | hum | room | temp | time |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| co | hum | room | temp | time |
| 0 | 35.9 | Kitchen | 21 | 2022-01-01T08:00:00Z |
| 0 | 36.2 | Kitchen | 23 | 2022-01-01T09:00:00Z |
| 0 | 36.1 | Kitchen | 22.7 | 2022-01-01T10:00:00Z |
| 0 | 36 | Kitchen | 22.4 | 2022-01-01T11:00:00Z |

| co | hum | room | temp | time |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| co | hum | room | temp | time |
| 0 | 35.9 | Living Room | 21.1 | 2022-01-01T08:00:00Z |
| 0 | 35.9 | Kitchen | 21 | 2022-01-01T08:00:00Z |
| 0 | 35.9 | Living Room | 21.4 | 2022-01-01T09:00:00Z |
| 0 | 36.2 | Kitchen | 23 | 2022-01-01T09:00:00Z |

| LIKE condition |
| --- |
| LIKE condition |
| true |

| co | hum | room | temp | time |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| co | hum | room | temp | time |
| 0 | 35.9 | Living Room | 21.1 | 2022-01-01T08:00:00Z |
| 0 | 35.9 | Living Room | 21.4 | 2022-01-01T09:00:00Z |
| 0 | 36 | Living Room | 21.8 | 2022-01-01T10:00:00Z |
| 0 | 36 | Living Room | 22.2 | 2022-01-01T11:00:00Z |

| Character | Description |
| --- | --- |
| Character | Description |
| % | Represents zero or more characters |
| _ | Represents any single character |

| NOT condition |
| --- |
| NOT condition |
| false |

| co | hum | room | temp | time |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| co | hum | room | temp | time |
| 0 | 35.9 | Living Room | 21.1 | 2022-01-01T08:00:00Z |
| 0 | 35.9 | Living Room | 21.4 | 2022-01-01T09:00:00Z |
| 0 | 36 | Living Room | 21.8 | 2022-01-01T10:00:00Z |
| 0 | 36 | Living Room | 22.2 | 2022-01-01T11:00:00Z |

| co | hum | room | temp | time |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| co | hum | room | temp | time |
| 7 | 36 | Kitchen | 22.4 | 2022-01-01T16:00:00Z |
| 4 | 36 | Living Room | 22.4 | 2022-01-01T16:00:00Z |
| 9 | 36 | Kitchen | 22.7 | 2022-01-01T17:00:00Z |
| 9 | 36.2 | Living Room | 22.8 | 2022-01-01T18:00:00Z |
| 17 | 36.4 | Living Room | 22.2 | 2022-01-01T20:00:00Z |
| 26 | 36.5 | Kitchen | 22.7 | 2022-01-01T20:00:00Z |

| co | hum | room | temp | time |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| co | hum | room | temp | time |
| 0 | 35.9 | Kitchen | 21 | 2022-01-01T08:00:00Z |
| 0 | 36.2 | Kitchen | 23 | 2022-01-01T09:00:00Z |
| 0 | 36.1 | Kitchen | 22.7 | 2022-01-01T10:00:00Z |
| 0 | 36 | Kitchen | 22.4 | 2022-01-01T11:00:00Z |
| 0 | 36 | Kitchen | 22.5 | 2022-01-01T12:00:00Z |
| 26 | 36.5 | Kitchen | 22.7 | 2022-01-01T20:00:00Z |

| OR condition |
| --- |
| OR condition |
| true |

| co | hum | room | temp | time |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| co | hum | room | temp | time |
| 18 | 36.9 | Kitchen | 23.3 | 2022-01-01T18:00:00Z |
| 22 | 36.6 | Kitchen | 23.1 | 2022-01-01T19:00:00Z |
| 26 | 36.5 | Kitchen | 22.7 | 2022-01-01T20:00:00Z |