---
title: SQL logical operators
description: Logical operators combine or manipulate conditions in a SQL query.
url: https://docs.influxdata.com/influxdb3/cloud-serverless/reference/sql/operators/logical/
estimated_tokens: 9686
product: InfluxDB Cloud Serverless
version: cloud-serverless
---

# SQL logical operators

Logical operators combine or manipulate conditions in a SQL query.

| Operator | Meaning |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| AND | Returns true if both operands are true. Otherwise, returns false. |  |
| BETWEEN | Returns true if the left operand is within the range of the right operand. |  |
| EXISTS | Returns true if the results of a subquery are not empty. |  |
| IN | Returns true if the left operand is in the right operand list. |  |
| LIKE | Returns true if the left operand matches the right operand pattern string. |  |
| NOT | Negates the subsequent expression. |  |
| OR | Returns true if any operand is true. Otherwise, returns false. |  |

#### Sample data

Query examples on this page use the following sample data sets:

-   [Home sensor sample data](/influxdb3/cloud-serverless/reference/sample-data/#home-sensor-data)
-   [Home sensor actions sample data](/influxdb3/cloud-serverless/reference/sample-data/#home-sensor-actions-data)

## AND

The `AND` operand returns `true` if both operands are `true`. Otherwise, it returns false. This operator is typically used in the [`WHERE` clause](/influxdb3/cloud-serverless/reference/sql/where/) to combine multiple conditions.

```sql
SELECT true AND false AS "AND condition"
```

| AND condition |
| --- |
| false |

##### Examples

[](#and-operator-in-the-where-clause)

`AND` operator in the `WHERE` clause

```sql
SELECT *
FROM home
WHERE
  co > 10
  AND room = 'Kitchen'
```

| co | hum | room | temp | time |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 18 | 36.9 | Kitchen | 23.3 | 2022-01-01T18:00:00Z |
| 22 | 36.6 | Kitchen | 23.1 | 2022-01-01T19:00:00Z |
| 26 | 36.5 | Kitchen | 22.7 | 2022-01-01T20:00:00Z |

## BETWEEN

The `BETWEEN` operator returns `true` if the left numeric operand is within the range specified in the right operand. Otherwise, it returns `false`

```sql
SELECT 6 BETWEEN 5 AND 8 AS "BETWEEN condition"
```

| BETWEEN condition |
| --- |
| true |

##### Examples

[](#between-operator-in-the-where-clause)

`BETWEEN` operator in the `WHERE` clause

```sql
SELECT *
FROM home
WHERE
  co BETWEEN 5 AND 10
```

| co | hum | room | temp | time |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 7 | 36 | Kitchen | 22.4 | 2022-01-01T16:00:00Z |
| 9 | 36 | Kitchen | 22.7 | 2022-01-01T17:00:00Z |
| 5 | 35.9 | Living Room | 22.6 | 2022-01-01T17:00:00Z |
| 9 | 36.2 | Living Room | 22.8 | 2022-01-01T18:00:00Z |

## EXISTS

The `EXISTS` operator returns `true` if result of a [correlated subquery](/influxdb3/cloud-serverless/reference/sql/subqueries/#correlated-subqueries) is not empty. Otherwise it returns `false`.

*See [SQL subquery operators](/influxdb3/cloud-serverless/reference/sql/subqueries/#subquery-operators).*

##### Examples

[](#exists-operator-with-a-subquery-in-the-where-clause)

`EXISTS` operator with a subquery in the `WHERE` clause

```sql
SELECT *
FROM
  home home_actions
WHERE EXISTS (
  SELECT *
  FROM home
  WHERE
    home.co = home_actions.co - 1
)
ORDER BY time
```

| co | hum | room | temp | time |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 36.5 | Kitchen | 22.8 | 2022-01-01T13:00:00Z |
| 1 | 36.3 | Kitchen | 22.8 | 2022-01-01T14:00:00Z |
| 1 | 36.1 | Living Room | 22.3 | 2022-01-01T15:00:00Z |
| 4 | 36 | Living Room | 22.4 | 2022-01-01T16:00:00Z |
| 5 | 35.9 | Living Room | 22.6 | 2022-01-01T17:00:00Z |
| 18 | 36.9 | Kitchen | 23.3 | 2022-01-01T18:00:00Z |

## IN

The `IN` operator returns `true` if the left operand is in the right operand list or subquery result. Otherwise, it returns `false`.

```sql
SELECT 'John' IN ('Jane', 'John') AS "IN condition"
```

| IN condition |
| --- |
| true |

*See [SQL subquery operators](/influxdb3/cloud-serverless/reference/sql/subqueries/#subquery-operators).*

##### Examples

[](#in-operator-with-a-list-in-the-where-clause)

`IN` operator with a list in the `WHERE` clause

```sql
SELECT *
FROM home
WHERE
  room IN ('Bathroom', 'Bedroom', 'Kitchen')
LIMIT 4
```

| co | hum | room | temp | time |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 0 | 35.9 | Kitchen | 21 | 2022-01-01T08:00:00Z |
| 0 | 36.2 | Kitchen | 23 | 2022-01-01T09:00:00Z |
| 0 | 36.1 | Kitchen | 22.7 | 2022-01-01T10:00:00Z |
| 0 | 36 | Kitchen | 22.4 | 2022-01-01T11:00:00Z |

[](#in-operator-with-a-subquery-in-the-where-clause)

`IN` operator with a subquery in the `WHERE` clause

```sql
SELECT *
FROM home
WHERE
  room IN (
    SELECT DISTINCT room
    FROM home_actions
  )
ORDER BY time
LIMIT 4
```

| co | hum | room | temp | time |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 0 | 35.9 | Living Room | 21.1 | 2022-01-01T08:00:00Z |
| 0 | 35.9 | Kitchen | 21 | 2022-01-01T08:00:00Z |
| 0 | 35.9 | Living Room | 21.4 | 2022-01-01T09:00:00Z |
| 0 | 36.2 | Kitchen | 23 | 2022-01-01T09:00:00Z |

## LIKE

The `LIKE` operator returns `true` if the left operand matches the string pattern specified in the right operand. `LIKE` expressions support [SQL wildcard characters](#sql-wildcard-characters).

```sql
SELECT 'John' LIKE 'J_%n' AS "LIKE condition"
```

| LIKE condition |
| --- |
| true |

[](#like-operator-in-the-where-clause)

`LIKE` operator in the `WHERE` clause

```sql
SELECT *
FROM home
WHERE
  room LIKE '%Room'
LIMIT 4
```

| co | hum | room | temp | time |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 0 | 35.9 | Living Room | 21.1 | 2022-01-01T08:00:00Z |
| 0 | 35.9 | Living Room | 21.4 | 2022-01-01T09:00:00Z |
| 0 | 36 | Living Room | 21.8 | 2022-01-01T10:00:00Z |
| 0 | 36 | Living Room | 22.2 | 2022-01-01T11:00:00Z |

### SQL wildcard characters

The InfluxDB SQL implementation supports the following wildcard characters when using the `LIKE` operator to match strings to a pattern.

| Character | Description |
| --- | --- |
| % | Represents zero or more characters |
| _ | Represents any single character |

## NOT

The `NOT` operator negates the subsequent expression.

```sql
SELECT NOT true AS "NOT condition"
```

| NOT condition |
| --- |
| false |

##### Examples

[](#not-in)

`NOT IN`

```sql
SELECT *
FROM home
WHERE
  room NOT IN ('Kitchen', 'Bathroom')
LIMIT 4
```

| co | hum | room | temp | time |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 0 | 35.9 | Living Room | 21.1 | 2022-01-01T08:00:00Z |
| 0 | 35.9 | Living Room | 21.4 | 2022-01-01T09:00:00Z |
| 0 | 36 | Living Room | 21.8 | 2022-01-01T10:00:00Z |
| 0 | 36 | Living Room | 22.2 | 2022-01-01T11:00:00Z |

[](#not-exists)

`NOT EXISTS`

```sql
SELECT *
FROM
  home home_actions
WHERE NOT EXISTS (
  SELECT *
  FROM home
  WHERE
    home.co = home_actions.co + 4
)
ORDER BY time
```

| co | hum | room | temp | time |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 7 | 36 | Kitchen | 22.4 | 2022-01-01T16:00:00Z |
| 4 | 36 | Living Room | 22.4 | 2022-01-01T16:00:00Z |
| 9 | 36 | Kitchen | 22.7 | 2022-01-01T17:00:00Z |
| 9 | 36.2 | Living Room | 22.8 | 2022-01-01T18:00:00Z |
| 17 | 36.4 | Living Room | 22.2 | 2022-01-01T20:00:00Z |
| 26 | 36.5 | Kitchen | 22.7 | 2022-01-01T20:00:00Z |

[](#not-between)

`NOT BETWEEN`

```sql
SELECT *
FROM home
WHERE
  co NOT BETWEEN 1 AND 22
  AND room = 'Kitchen'
```

| co | hum | room | temp | time |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 0 | 35.9 | Kitchen | 21 | 2022-01-01T08:00:00Z |
| 0 | 36.2 | Kitchen | 23 | 2022-01-01T09:00:00Z |
| 0 | 36.1 | Kitchen | 22.7 | 2022-01-01T10:00:00Z |
| 0 | 36 | Kitchen | 22.4 | 2022-01-01T11:00:00Z |
| 0 | 36 | Kitchen | 22.5 | 2022-01-01T12:00:00Z |
| 26 | 36.5 | Kitchen | 22.7 | 2022-01-01T20:00:00Z |

## OR

The `OR` operator returns `true` if any operand is `true`. Otherwise, it returns `false`. This operator is typically used in the [`WHERE` clause](/influxdb3/cloud-serverless/reference/sql/where/) to combine multiple conditions.

```sql
SELECT true OR false AS "OR condition"
```

| OR condition |
| --- |
| true |

##### Examples

[](#or-in-the-where-clause)

`OR` in the `WHERE` clause

```sql
SELECT *
FROM home
WHERE
  co > 20
  OR temp > 23
```

| co | hum | room | temp | time |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 18 | 36.9 | Kitchen | 23.3 | 2022-01-01T18:00:00Z |
| 22 | 36.6 | Kitchen | 23.1 | 2022-01-01T19:00:00Z |
| 26 | 36.5 | Kitchen | 22.7 | 2022-01-01T20:00:00Z |

#### Related

-   [WHERE clause](/influxdb3/cloud-serverless/reference/sql/where/)
-   [Subquery operators](/influxdb3/cloud-serverless/reference/sql/subqueries/#subquery-operators)