---
title: integral() function
description: integral() computes the area under the curve per unit of time of subsequent non-null records.
url: https://docs.influxdata.com/flux/v0/stdlib/universe/integral/
estimated_tokens: 2469
product: Flux
version: v0
---

# integral() function

-   Flux 0.7.0+
-   View InfluxDB support

`integral()` computes the area under the curve per unit of time of subsequent non-null records.

`integral()` requires `_start` and `_stop` columns that are part of the group key. The curve is defined using `_time` as the domain and record values as the range.

##### Function type signature

```js
(
    <-tables: stream[A],
    ?column: string,
    ?interpolate: string,
    ?timeColumn: string,
    ?unit: duration,
) => stream[B] where A: Record, B: Record
```

For more information, see [Function type signatures](/flux/v0/function-type-signatures/).

## Parameters

### unit

Unit of time to use to compute the integral.

### column

Column to operate on. Default is `_value`.

### timeColumn

Column that contains time values to use in the operation. Default is `_time`.

### interpolate

Type of interpolation to use. Default is `""`.

**Available interplation types**:

-   linear
-   *empty string for no interpolation*

### tables

Input data. Default is piped-forward data (`<-`).

## Examples

-   [Calculate the integral](#calculate-the-integral)
-   [Calculate the integral with linear interpolation](#calculate-the-integral-with-linear-interpolation)

### Calculate the integral

```js
data
    |> integral(unit: 10s)
```

[](#view-example-input-and-output)

View example input and output

#### Input data

| *_start | *_stop | _time | _value | *tag |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z | 2021-01-01T00:01:00Z | 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z | -2 | t1 |
| 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z | 2021-01-01T00:01:00Z | 2021-01-01T00:00:10Z | 10 | t1 |
| 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z | 2021-01-01T00:01:00Z | 2021-01-01T00:00:20Z | 7 | t1 |
| 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z | 2021-01-01T00:01:00Z | 2021-01-01T00:00:30Z | 17 | t1 |
| 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z | 2021-01-01T00:01:00Z | 2021-01-01T00:00:40Z | 15 | t1 |
| 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z | 2021-01-01T00:01:00Z | 2021-01-01T00:00:50Z | 4 | t1 |

| *_start | *_stop | _time | _value | *tag |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z | 2021-01-01T00:01:00Z | 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z | 19 | t2 |
| 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z | 2021-01-01T00:01:00Z | 2021-01-01T00:00:10Z | 4 | t2 |
| 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z | 2021-01-01T00:01:00Z | 2021-01-01T00:00:20Z | -3 | t2 |
| 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z | 2021-01-01T00:01:00Z | 2021-01-01T00:00:30Z | 19 | t2 |
| 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z | 2021-01-01T00:01:00Z | 2021-01-01T00:00:40Z | 13 | t2 |
| 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z | 2021-01-01T00:01:00Z | 2021-01-01T00:00:50Z | 1 | t2 |

#### Output data

| *_start | *_stop | *tag | _value |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z | 2021-01-01T00:01:00Z | t1 | 50 |

| *_start | *_stop | *tag | _value |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z | 2021-01-01T00:01:00Z | t2 | 43 |

### Calculate the integral with linear interpolation

```js
data
    |> integral(unit: 10s, interpolate: "linear")
```

[](#view-example-input-and-output)

View example input and output

#### Input data

| *_start | *_stop | _time | _value | *tag |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z | 2021-01-01T00:01:00Z | 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z | -2 | t1 |
| 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z | 2021-01-01T00:01:00Z | 2021-01-01T00:00:10Z |  | t1 |
| 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z | 2021-01-01T00:01:00Z | 2021-01-01T00:00:20Z | 7 | t1 |
| 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z | 2021-01-01T00:01:00Z | 2021-01-01T00:00:30Z |  | t1 |
| 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z | 2021-01-01T00:01:00Z | 2021-01-01T00:00:40Z |  | t1 |
| 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z | 2021-01-01T00:01:00Z | 2021-01-01T00:00:50Z | 4 | t1 |

| *_start | *_stop | _time | _value | *tag |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z | 2021-01-01T00:01:00Z | 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z |  | t2 |
| 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z | 2021-01-01T00:01:00Z | 2021-01-01T00:00:10Z | 4 | t2 |
| 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z | 2021-01-01T00:01:00Z | 2021-01-01T00:00:20Z | -3 | t2 |
| 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z | 2021-01-01T00:01:00Z | 2021-01-01T00:00:30Z | 19 | t2 |
| 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z | 2021-01-01T00:01:00Z | 2021-01-01T00:00:40Z |  | t2 |
| 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z | 2021-01-01T00:01:00Z | 2021-01-01T00:00:50Z | 1 | t2 |

#### Output data

| *_start | *_stop | *tag | _value |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z | 2021-01-01T00:01:00Z | t1 | 25 |

| *_start | *_stop | *tag | _value |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z | 2021-01-01T00:01:00Z | t2 | 32.5 |

#### Related

-   [InfluxQL – INTEGRAL()](/influxdb/v1/query_language/functions/#integral)
-   [experimental.integral() function](/flux/v0/stdlib/experimental/integral/)

[transformations](/flux/v0/tags/transformations/) [aggregates](/flux/v0/tags/aggregates/)